本文根據國家發展委員會檔案管理局（以下簡稱檔案局）典藏的「拂塵專案」檔案，探討西元（以下同）1983年（民國72年）政府因為國內外黨外人士輿論壓力與政治需求，成立特別專案為二二八事件政府的行為進行辯護，最終以出版《拂去歷史明鏡上的塵埃》一書呈現於世人面前。從檔案可以發現，早年政府論述臺灣人為暴民，至拂塵專案因為政治需要反而解釋臺灣人為同根生的同胞，至於引起二二八事件的是共匪與臺獨分子。再者，從檔案中可以整理出拂塵專案執行期間、組織編制、人員與經費支出，是二二八事件研究中少數具有完整性的檔案。除了與專案有關的資訊之外，檔案中亦能發現社會監控的相關資料。

This research article is based on the archives from the National Archives Administration of Nation Development Council about the ROC government's views and position on the 228 incident, 1947. In 1983, the government created a special task force “Fu Chen Project(拂塵專案)” to look into the event out of a political necessity and in the wake of pressures from the foreign and domestic non-party members. As a result,《拂去歷史明鏡上的塵埃》(literally translated as sweeping the dust off the mirror of history) was published by the government to defend government's wrongdoings in the 228 incident. The previous official discourse claimed that the 228 incident was mainly instigated by a mob of Taiwanese. From the collection of the archives used in that government publication, the government has switched its position to claim that the Taiwanese were also compatriot Chinese and that the tragic 228 incident were instigated by the Communists and Taiwan independence backers. The archives have also revealed the execution period of the Fu Chen Project, the budget and personnel input for the organization in charge of the execution, its spending throughout the entire execution period, etc. As such, the collection of the archives can be very useful for the study of the 228 incident. From the archives, this research has also found out that mass surveillance on opposition members by the ROC government.