楊逵於西元（以下同）1949年四六事件被捕入獄12年，創作豐富的文學作品，相關研究精彩粲然，但這段時間的生活樣貌與思想活動的研究相對稀少。本文以史料的爬梳，尤其是多筆未曾被研究者引述的第一手資料，包括官方文書與國家發展委員會檔案管理局（以下簡稱檔案局）所收藏獄中的原始檔案，針對綠島時期的楊逵進行全面性的研究。首先，從法學史的角度，並引判決書的內容，釐清1949年楊逵入獄的背景和緣由。其次，並藉由綠島監獄政治犯的口述歷史，描繪楊逵在綠島時期的生活圖像。再者，借助檔案局收藏的監獄檔案，分析新生訓導處的規訓系統，解讀楊逵思想活動。發現在先行研究中推測的時間問題有官方紀錄可循，以及楊逵當時已自證未受規訓改造思想，仍然堅持社會主義路線。

Yang Kui wrote a rich assortment of literary works during his 12 years of imprisonment for the April 6 Incident in 1949. Many studies have been conducted on these literary works, but few have investigated the life and thoughts of Yang during his imprisonment. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis on Yang's life during his imprisonment in Lyudao through a review on relevant historical materials, particularly the first-hand data that have never been quoted by researchers, including the original prison files archived in the official documents and by the National Archives Administration. First, the verdicts were cited from the perspective of legal history to clarify the backgrounds and reasons of Yang's imprisonment. Second, the oral descriptions provided by political criminals regarding their experience of imprisonment in Lyudao were reviewed to illustrate Yang's life in Lyudao. Third, the prison files archived by the National Archives Administration were collected to analyze the disciplinary system of the disciplinary office for new prisoners and thereby clarify the thoughts of Yang. The results revealed that official records are available for answering the time-related questions speculated in prior research, and Yang was confirmed to have adhered to his socialist ideals rather than having his minds reformed.