Food-induced eosinophilic proctocolitis is characterized by blood-streaked stools, eosinophilic infiltration of colorectal walls, and peripheral eosinophilia in apparently well, breast-fed or formula-fed infants. The diagnosis requires exclusion of various disorders that cause bloody stools in infants, a rechallenge test, and typical endoscopic and histological images. Eliminating the offending protein from the formula-fed infant’s diet by substituting with an extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula, or from the breast-fed infant’s diet by restricting the mother’s diet, may lead to clinical resolution. We present a premature formula-fed neonate who developed blood-tinged stools at 8 days of age. The diagnosis was supported by colorectal endoscopy and colonic biopsy. Substitution with a semielementary formula resulted in clinical resolution.