從鍾芳樺教授〈人格權威與政治秩序的形成〉一文出發，本文試圖重新梳理Schmitt如何透過「權威」和「權力」在制度上的區分，來解釋國家元首的憲政地位與角色。Schmitt從Constant（康斯坦）的「中立權力」概念來說明議會君主制中君主作為國家元首的功能，以及19世紀德意志立憲君主制對於實權君主的主張。進一步，經由將Constant的理論轉嫁到威瑪共和帝國總統，以證成總統的權威地位及憲法守護者的角色。最終則要說明，儘管總統具有非常權限，Schmitt仍認為在常態下總統是僅具有權威的國家元首，而非具有主動權力的政治領導者。

Beginning with Prof. Chung’s essay “The Personal Authority and the Formation of Political Order”, it is to discussin this article how Schmitt interprets the constitutional status and role of the head of state with the institutional distinction between “authority” (Autorität) and “power” (Macht). Schmitt states—based on Constant's conception of the “pouvoirneutre”—the political function of the king as head of state in a parliamentary monarchy and of the powerful king in the German constitutional monarchy in 19th Century. To interpret the President of the Weimar Republic as the “neutral power”, Schmitt justifies the authoritative position of the President and his role as the guardian of the constitution. At last, in Schmitt’s thought, the President in the ordinary status, although he possesses the extraordinary power, is declared merely as a head of state with authority, but not the political leader that has active power.