Twenty-seven spleens from small rodents, including Rattus norvegicus, Rattus losea and Mus musculus captured between October 5 and 7, 2010 on Nangan Island, Matsu were examined. The DNA from spleen was extracted, detected by nested PCR, and compared with 16s ribosomal RNA(r RNA) genes. The results showed that seven samples were 100% homologous to Anaplasma phgocytophilum and one sample was 100% homologous to Anaplasma bovis. The infection rate of Anaplasma spp. in rodents in this area was 30% (8/27).