21世紀中國政治生活與政治制度的創新將具有世界史的重要意 義。本文將以近年在中國崛起態勢影響之下西方思想界對於自由民主 模式之侷限的反省以及中國新左知識分子汪暉論新自由主義與去政治 的政治兩篇論文為參考材料，為中國政治創新的可能性提出一些推想 與商榷。依據傅柯對於「生命政治」的分析，新自由主義是牽涉所有 重要社會生活領域，藉由主體型塑與調控而深刻運作的治理技術。單 純批判市場經濟的霸權與擴張模式，可能還未充分觸及其治理技術的 預設條件與深刻性。而理論構築一個「去政治化的政治一統格局」並 以一個普世的政黨政治危機來混同一黨專政與多黨議會民主兩種體制 不同條件的去政治化脈絡，可能在實踐上也有模糊對象的代價。

The creative invention of political life and institutions in the 21st Century China are bound to be significant events in world history. The rise of China has led many thinkers, Western and Chinese, to rethink the limitations of the current model of liberal democracy in the West. This paper seeks to review this recent discourse together with two papers from the Chinese leftist scholar Wang Hui. Among other issues, Wang Hui’s narrative about the neo-liberal hegemony in China since 1985, his splitting attribution of depoliticized evils to save the cherished Cultural Revolution, and his theoretical construction of a single world wide crisis of party-politics will be assessed critically.