本文旨在考察法國社會學家Michel Maffesoli的後現代社會學理 論。Maffesoli的社會學延續後涂爾斡學派觀點，聚焦於現代社會中 的「後現代性」，其研究重點包括社會形態與社會連結的形式、小眾 的發生、集體情戚的動力、日常生活的惯習、影像與行動的關連等 問題。在「部落」的類比基礎上，Maffesoli試圖建構一種根著於日 常生活的類型知識，以描述群體聚集的初始動力，並分析社群形塑 質變過程中的影像、符號、情戚與集體認同。藉此，Maffesoli提出 「對立偶合」( coincidentia oppositorum )的模態解釋和「循環往復」(va-et-vient cyclique )的非線性思維作為後現代部落社會的遊牧圖 式。其中有關集體向心力和離心力的分析，是最具原創性和顛覆性， 也最值得國內社會學界借鏡的觀點。

This article aims to focus and develop the sociological thesis of Michel Maffesoli on the initiate nomadic conditions of post-modern society. From a post-durkheimian view, Maffesoli endeavored to investigate the “post-modernity” in our contemporary society, and developed an analytical framework focalizing on the forms of social solidarity, the emergence of minority organizations, the reason for communalized empathy (Einfuhlung), the habitus in everyday life, and the relations between image and action. Maffesoli takes steps on an analogical basis, developing the concept of “tribe” to construct a typicality of knowledge penetrated our everyday life. By this way he schematized a nomadic scenario leading to a “coincidentia oppositorum” modality for segmental communities wherein the members’ psychic energy consist of centripetal and centrifuge forces. Finally, these forces are cyclically oscillating and alternating (va-et-vient cyclique).