有害生物通過改變生態進程和取代目標物種來降低草原、牧場、草場和草坪的品質。它們侵占野生生物的生活環境、7j(.域、降低草地的娛樂、審美和經濟價值。有害生物的發生和傳播經常是管理上潛在的癥兆，這些問題必須在進行任何改善以前糾正。干擾在入侵過程早期非常重要，因為它可能造成利於有害生物的小生境。除非目標物種已經存在並充填該小生境，有害生物防治也許僅是給其他非目標物種提供生存空間。在許多情況下，草地退化到了一定程度，目標植物種類或者不存在，或者數量很少，以致如果不種植這些目標物種，植物群落將恢復很慢或不能恢復。有害生物綜合防治系統是有計劃'按順序的使用多種策略(例如'化學，生物學，栽培和機械防治措施)來改善草地並維持有害生物造成的損害低於經濟標準(域值)。是可永續發展的，綜合的有害生物防治策略包括有害生物影響評估，害蟲的生物學和生態學知識以及防治技術o

Pests reduce the quality of natural, artificial, and arnenity grasslands by altering ecological processes and displacing desirable species. They reduce wildlife habitat, watershed, recreational, aesthetic, and econornic value of grasslands. The presence and spread of a pest is often syrnptornatic of underlying rnanagernent problerns that rnust be corrected before irnprovernent can be achieved. Disturbance is irnportant ear1y in the invasion process because it can create vacant niches that pests can occupy. Control of pests rnay only open niches for establishrnent of other undesirable species unless desirable species are present to fill the vacated niches. In rnany instances, grasslands have deteriorated to the point that desirable species are either not present, or in such low abundance that plant comrnunity recovery is slow or will not occur wìthout planting desirable species. lntegrated pest managernent is the planned, sequential use of rnultiple tactics (e.g. chemical, biological, cultural, and rnechanical control rneasures) to improve grasslands and rnaintain pest darnage below econornic levels. Sustainable, integrated pest management strategies require assessing pest irnpacts, knowledge ofpest biology and ecology, and understanding control technologies.